Chapter 4
The
Unfathomable Mystery of the Trinity
“For
there are three that bear record in heaven, the Father, the Word, and the Holy
Ghost: and these three are one.” -- 1 John 5:7
What
do we know about the biblical doctrine of the Trinity? Do we have a
comfortable, crisp understanding of the doctrine of the Trinity as it is set
forth in the Word of God? I think it is safe to assume that most people who
profess to believe the doctrine of the Trinity would be hard pressed to show
from the Scriptures why they believe it.
Without question, clear,
biblical instruction is needed. Multitudes fall prey to the many heretical
cults (And they are all heretical cults.) which deny the doctrine of the
trinity and the eternal deity of our Lord Jesus Christ. In these days of unity
at any price, denominations, churches, and preachers who deny these essential
facts are even embraced as Christian by many. Such compromise is both
unbiblical and intolerable.
We worship one God in the
Trinity, or Tri-Unity of his sacred Persons (Father,
Son, and Holy Spirit), and adore each as the God of all grace by whom we are
saved. It must be acknowledged that it is an utter impossibility for sinful
mortals to understand, much less explain, the mystery of the holy Trinity. No
mortal can comprehend the being of the infinite God. The doctrine of holy
trinity is, indeed, an unfathomable mystery.
Critics,
skeptics, and infidels arrogantly boast that they will not believe anything
that they cannot understand and explain; but their boast is not true. They
would not think of denying that the sun shines, though few, if any, can explain
or understand why and how. The fact is we live in a world full of things we
cannot or do not personally understand. Yet, we never question them. I do not
understand how a brown cow can eat green grass and give white milk that makes
yellow butter; but I drink the milk and eat the butter.
Nothing
is more confusing to scientists than the complexity of humanity. Neither the
biologist nor the psychologist can grasp the mystery of what a man is. They
tell us, in their folly, that we are the highest form of animal life. Yet, they
cannot find an animal anywhere like a man. Why? Because man is not an animal.
He is the only creature in the universe made in the image of God. That makes
humanity an unfathomable mystery. The Word of God speaks of man as a trichotomy, a being of three parts. Unlike the animals
around us, we are all material, rational, and spiritual beings. Each of us
possesses a material body, a rational mind, and an immaterial or spiritual
soul.
We
are, in one sense, a unity, a personality. Yet, in another sense, we are a
plurality, a tri-unity, or a trinity. How do we put
all that together in one person? I cannot answer that question; but I know it
is so. No one will ever be able to adequately explain the complex mystery of
humanity. All we can do is watch and observe.
If
that is true with regard to humanity, how much more so must it be true when we
think about the infinite God! We cannot understand or explain even the works of
God. We certainly cannot understand his Being! I make no pretense of being able
to explain the Trinity. I cannot explain what I do not understand. Someone once
said, “That man is a fool who denies the doctrine of the Trinity; and he is
equally a fool who tries to explain it.” My only object in this study is to
show that the Word of God teaches this doctrine and that it is a doctrine full
of comfort and encouragement.
A Bible Doctrine
The Bible clearly and
unmistakably teaches the doctrine of the Trinity. This is not a matter of
guesswork. It is not a point of theological speculation or conjecture. 1 John
5:7 specifically and clearly states the doctrine of the Trinity. "There are three that bear record in
heaven, the Father, the Word, and the Holy Ghost: and these three are one.” Certainly,
this is not the only place where the doctrine is taught. Throughout the
Scriptures, God reveals himself as a triune Being, one in three and three in
one. All are equal in all things and co-eternal.
When we say we believe in
the Trinity of the divine persons, we do not mean that there are three equal,
but separate Gods. We do not mean that there is one God manifest in three
personalities. We mean that we worship one God in three divine persons: Father,
Son, and Holy Spirit. The Divine Trinity is the union of these three Persons in
one Godhead, so that all three are one God as to substance, but three Persons
as to individuality. “In the nature of the one God,” wrote A. H. Strong, “there
are three eternal distinctions which are represented to us under the figure of
three Persons, and these three are equal.”
Is
this or is it not the doctrine of the Bible? That is the only thing that
matters. Search the Scriptures, and see for yourself that the Word of God
clearly teaches the doctrine.
The Trinity is a doctrine
found in the Old Testament Scriptures as well as the New. In the
self-disclosure, or self-revelation, of God in the Old Testament, the Lord our
God is always represented as one God, but always as one God with plural Persons
within the Godhead (Deut. 6:4; Gen. 1:1-2, 26). The Old Testament Scriptures
constantly point us to the three Persons of the Godhead. We are often
confronted with God the Father, the Spirit of the Lord, and the many pre-incarnate
appearances of Christ as the Angel of the Lord.
One
of the most common Hebrew words used for God is the word El. You find it in a thousand combinations in the Old Testament.
The plural form of the word El is Elohim. This is the word used in Genesis
one. W. A. Criswell has powerfully demonstrated the
significance of the way these words are used.
“In the first chapter of
Genesis, that word Elohim is used
thirty-two times. In the books of Moses, Elohim
is used more than five hundred times. In the Old Testament Scriptures, Elohim is used more than five thousand
times. In all thirty-two times in the first chapter of Genesis, in all the more
than five hundred times in the writings of Moses, and in all the more than five
thousand times in the Old Testament, without exception, Elohim is used with a singular verb. Elohim, plural, referring to the majesty and abounding marvel and
mystery of God, appears with a singular verb.”
The
implication of that fact is obvious. The Lord our God, the Triune God, is one
God; and this Triune God is the one true and living God. There is no other God.
The New Testament clearly
and emphatically declares the doctrine of the Trinity. No effort is made in the
Word of God to prove the doctrine. It is simply stated as a matter of fact, a
fact commonly received and believed by all who were numbered among the saints.
It is presented, almost casually…
·
In Connection with the Incarnation (Matt. 1:20-23).
·
In Connection with our Lord’s Baptism (Matt. 3:15-17).
·
In Connection with the Great Commission (Matt. 28:19-20).
·
In Connection with the Savior’s Promise to send the Holy Spirit another
Comforter exactly like Himself (John 14:16)
·
In Connection with the Apostolic Benedictions (2 Cor. 13:14).
The
New Testament declares that God the Father is God (Rom. 1:7), God the Son is
God (Heb. 1:8), and God the Holy Spirit is God (Acts 5:3-4). Yet, “The LORD our God is one LORD.” The
doctrine of the Trinity runs through all the New Testament (Lk 1:35; John
14:26; 15:26; Gal.4:6; Eph. 1:17; 2:18; 3:14-16; 4:4-7; 5:18-20; 6:17-23; 1
Pet. 1:2; Jude 20-21; Rev. 1:4-6). Without question, the doctrine of the
Trinity is a Bible doctrine.
Someone
accurately stated that -- “The Father is all the fulness of the Godhead
invisible (John 1:18); the Son is all the fulness of the Godhead manifested
(John 1:14-18); the Spirit is all the fulness
of God acting immediately upon the creature (1 Cor. 2:9-10).”
I
confess my inability to produce a single argument drawn from nature or logic to
prove the doctrine of the Trinity. It is a mystery filled with such grandeur
that it defies comprehension by finite minds. But our faith does not stand upon
nature and logic. Our faith stands upon the Word of God alone. All Christians
believe the doctrine of the Trinity because it is revealed in Holy Scripture;
and I see it clearly because I believe it.
A Gospel Doctrine
All three Persons in the
Godhead are equally gracious. This is one of the many great gospel truths the
Holy Spirit shows us in the first chapter of Ephesians. As the three Persons of
the eternal Godhead are equal in Divinity, but distinct in personality, so all
three of the Divine Persons are equal in grace, but distinct in the operations
of grace.
God the Father is set before
us as the Fountain of all grace (Eph. 1:3-6). It was God the Father who, in the
covenant of grace, proposed redemption, devised the plan, and chose the people
whom he would save by his almighty grace. He found a way whereby his banished
ones could be brought back to him and never expelled from his presence. Then, “in the fulness of time,” he sent his
Son to be the Medium or Mediator of grace to his chosen (Gal. 4:4-6).
God the Son, the Lord Jesus
Christ, is the channel of all grace (Eph. 1:7-12). All grace comes to sinners
through Christ the Mediator. In this chapter Paul tells us fourteen times that
everything God requires of sinners, does for sinners, and gives to sinners is
in Christ. Apart from Christ there is no grace! God will not deal with man, but
by Christ. Man cannot deal with God, but by Christ. Christ is the Revelation of
God, the incarnation of God, and the only way to God.
Are we chosen of God? We are
chosen in Christ. Are we blessed of God? We are blessed in Christ. Are we
predestinated by God? We are predestinated to be conformed to the image of
Christ. Are we adopted as the children of God? We are adopted in Christ. Are we
accepted of God? We are accepted in Christ. Are we redeemed by God? We are
redeemed in Christ. Are we forgiven by God? We are forgiven in Christ. Are we
justified before God? We are justified in Christ. Are we sanctified by God? We
are sanctified in Christ. Do we know God? We know him in Christ. Do we have an
inheritance from God? We have it in Christ. Are we called of God? We are called
in Christ.
Do
you see this? All grace comes to chosen sinners through Christ. There is no
other way the grace of God can reach a sinner. Let no rejecter of God’s Son
imagine that he shall be the beneficiary of God’s grace. It is the work of Christ upon the cross which has brought grace
and justice together in the salvation of sinners. It is through his blood, only
through the blood of the cross that “mercy
and truth are met together; righteousness and peace have kissed each other” (Ps.
85:10). Blissfully lost in the contemplation of God’s matchless grace in
Christ, John Bunyan penned the following rapturous
words…
“O Thou Son of the Blessed!
Grace stripped Thee of thy glory. Grace brought Thee down from heaven. Grace
made Thee bear such burdens of sin, such burdens of curse as are unspeakable.
Grace was in Thy heart. Grace came bubbling up from Thy bleeding side. Grace
was in Thy tears. Grace was in Thy prayers. Grace streamed from Thy
thorn-crowned brow! Grace came forth with the nails that pierced Thee, with the
thorns that pricked Thee! Oh, here are unsearchable riches of grace! Grace to
make sinners happy! Grace to make angels wonder! Grace to make devils
astonished!”
The Fountain of all grace is
God the Father. The medium of all grace is God the Son. And God the Holy Spirit
is the Administrator of all grace (Eph. 1:13-14). It is God the Holy Spirit who
effectually applies the blood of Christ to chosen, redeemed sinners. He
regenerates the dead by omnipotent power (John 6:63). He calls the redeemed
with irresistible grace (Ps. 65:4; 110:3; John 16:8-11). He gives faith to the
chosen by almighty operations of grace (Eph. 2:1-9; Col. 2:12). He seals God’s
elect unto everlasting glory.
Redemption was effectually
accomplished for God’s elect by Christ at Calvary; and it is effectually
applied to all the redeemed by God the Holy Spirit in effectual calling (Heb.
9:12-14). Without the sovereign, gracious operations of God the Holy Spirit in
conversion no sinner would ever become the beneficiary of grace. He takes the
things of Christ and shows them to his people. He quickens those the Father
chose, reclaims those the Son redeemed, and leads to the Good Shepherd everyone
of those lost sheep for whom the Good Shepherd laid down his life (John 10:11).
“He conquers the stoutest hearts and cleanses the
foulest spiritual leper. He opens the sin-blinded eyes and unstops the
sin-closed ears. The blessed Holy Spirit reveals the grace of the Father and
applies the grace of the Son” (C.D. Cole)
All three Persons in the Godhead are equally
gracious; and all three must be equally praised. In fact, whenever the three
Persons of the Holy Trinity are presented together in the Scriptures, it is
always in connection with redemption, grace, and salvation. I have not found an
exception.
“Praise God
from whom all blessings flow!
Praise Him all
creatures here below!
Praise Him
above, ye heavenly hosts!
Praise Father,
Son, and Holy Ghost!”
Sometimes God the Father is
presented alone, as when he stood upon Mt. Sinai, clothed with thunder and
lightening, delivering the law to Moses. So terrible was his presence that the
very mountain shook in the prospect of God’s awesome judgment (Ex. 20:18).
Sometimes God the Son
appears alone, as when he appears in his glorious second advent. Then men and
women who have despised and rejected him will cry for the mountains to fall
upon them and pray in terror that they might be saved from “the wrath of the Lamb” (Rev. 6:14).
When God the Holy Spirit is
represented alone, the consequences are the same. Those who blaspheme him,
committing that sin which can never be forgiven, are reserved as reprobates
unto everlasting judgment (Matt. 12:31-32). Whenever one Person in the Trinity
is presented alone, the result is judgment.
However, when all three of
the Divine Persons are set before us together, the consequence is always mercy,
grace, redemption, and salvation (Eph. 1:3-14; Rev. 1:4-6). In other words, --
The whole Being of God, in all his attributes, in all his glory, in the Trinity
of his Persons is set for the everlasting salvation of his elect (Jer. 32:41;
Rom. 8:28-32).
An Inspiring Doctrine
No doctrine in the Bible
more forcibly inspires unity among true believers than the doctrine of the
Trinity. This is not some abstract point of theological speculation, or some
profitless point of doctrinal refinement. This is a subject so far above our
comprehension that it should inspire our deepest reverence and humility, as
well as the most circumspect consecration and unity.
In our baptism, you and I
have publicly avowed our consecration to our God (Rom. 6:4-6). Being baptized
in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit, we publicly
declared our consecration and commitment to obey the will of the Father, live
for the glory of the Son, and submit to the leadership of the Holy Spirit.
Let every thought about the
holy Trinity stimulate in us a desire that we may be one even as God the
Father, God the Son, and God the Holy Spirit are one (John 17:20-22). “Who can
think of the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit as one - one in nature, one
in love, one in purpose - and not hope for the day when the intercessory prayer
of Christ will be answered in the union of all his followers?” (J.M. Pendleton)
All
true believers should earnestly devote themselves, as the sons and daughters of
the triune God, to unity. Oh, that God’s saints on earth might truly be one in
purpose – seeking the glory of God, one in labor, -- serving the cause of
Christ, and one in the love of Christ (Phil. 2:2-5). As the children of God in
this world, for Christ’s sake (Eph, 4:32-5:1), for his glory, believers must
learn by the grace of God to be patient with one another, -- to highly esteem
one another, -- to forgive one another, -- to be forbearing with one another,
and – to give deference to one another. Soon, we shall be one in glory (John
17:22; Eph. 4:1-6).